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THE HERALD

of Christ's Kingdom


VOL. II. April 1, 1919 No. 7
Table of Contents

OUTLOOK FROM THE WALLS OF ZION,

WISDOM IN THE WORK OF THE -MINISTRY

THE REVELATION OF JESUS CHRIST

OUR RISEN LORD.

THE HOLY. SPIRIT OUR HELPER

ENCOURAGING 'LETTERS


VOL. II. April 15, 1919 No. 8
Table of Contents

HOLDING FAST TO THE LORD AND THE TRUTH

REPORT OF THE BOSTON CONVENTION

THE REVELATION OF JESUS CHRIST

THE ANOINTED ONLY ARE  COMMISSIONED TO PREACH

MAN MADE IN THE IMAGE OF GOD

SIN AND ITS CONSEQUENCES

ENCOURAGING LETTERS


VOL. II. April 1, 1919 No. 7

OUTLOOK FROM THE WALLS OF ZION,

A LEAGUE OF CHURCHES

BIBLE Students who have their lamps trimmed and burning recognize with keen interest, the solemn import of the movements and events of .our day. This disposition on the part of the Lord's followers to thus watch and note the signs of the times is in full accord with our Master's admonition : "What I say unto you I say unto all, Watch." (Mark 13:37.) Additionally, it is remembered that the Lord reproved some in His time because they were not able to discern the signs of the times.

The general trend of events both in the world and in so-called Christendom presents to us increased evidences of the correctness of our expectations with regard to the close proximity of the new order of things-the coming of God's Kingdom.

Among the items that have attracted special interest of late is one that was recently published in many of the leading newspapers of the country which speaks of new life about to be given to the Church Federation movement, more recently called a League of Churches. We quote the New York Sun, March 3rd, as follows:

"Practical steps toward the formation of a world-wide union of all Christian Churches under a plan outlined in 1910, execution of which was suspended with the outbreak of the war, will be resumed this week, when three American bishops will leave for Europe to lay before the Pope a suggestion for a conference having for its object the creation of a League of Christian Churches.

"Bishop Charles P. Anderson, of Chicago; Bishop Reginald H. Weller, of Fond du Lac, Wis., and Bishop Boyd Vincent, of the diocese of Southern Ohio, are the prelates who will leave Thursday on their mission to submit to the Catholic Pontiff the plan for Church unity. In Europe they will be joined by Bishop Charles H. Brent, chaplain general of the American Expeditionary Forces, who will accompany the commission during the three months' stay in Europe,

"Bishop Weller, who for nine years has been working on a plan to bring the Church together, and who hopes to be able to bring Protestant, Catholic, Greek and Russian into a world-wide organization, discussed the plan yesterday in an address at the Church of St. Mary the Virgin, 139 West Forty-sixth Street.

THINKS LEAGUE PRACTICABLE

"'The people here may think that it is impossible for such a league to be brought about,' he said. 'They may believe us engaged in an impossible task, though hoping that our mission will not be futile. The idea of a League of Nations was laughed at, yet our beloved President Wilson said it was not an impossibility and the conferees at Paris actually agreed upon a proposed constitution for such a league.

"'Bishop Anderson, who is chairman of the commission, said that an effort would be made to place the proposal before the heads of the Scandinavian, Russian and Greek orthodox Churches, as well as the Roman Catholic.

.-The General Church Conference, which met in Cincinnati in 1910, undertook to promote a conference of all Christian Churches to discuss the things which separated the Churches as well as united them,' said Bishop Anderson. 'It was the belief that such a conference would be the first step toward the unity and moral efficiency of the Christian Church.

"ENGLISH CHURCHES AIDING

"'The Conference secured the co-operation of all the English Churches and all of the leading Protestant Churches in the United States and the Non-Conformist Churches of the British Empire as well as that of the old Catholic Churches in Europe. A deputation was about to visit Europe and the Near East when war broke out. This stopped proceedings in the meantime, but while the war has delayed the work, it has created an atmosphere which brings it more nearly within the bounds of practicability.' "

Faithful watchers taking heed to the more sure Word of prophecy, recognize that this drawing together of the ecclesiastical powers of the world in what is called a League of Churches is looking indeed strongly toward a fulfillment of the prophetic Word which speaks of such a union of the organized religious bodies in connection with the end of this dispensation.

It is supposed and claimed of course that this Church Federation will be for the advancement and betterment of society in general, as it is argued that such a union of forces is necessary in order to enable the Church as God's Kingdom, to cope with the present evils that confront the world; but in addition to this it is urged that such a union of Churches would be approaching the ideal condition for which Jesus prayed-that His followers might attain a state of harmony and oneness. While giving due credit to all the good intentions in this matter, as students of the Divine Word we must disagree with both of the above arguments: First, the Church in the flesh has not been commissioned to organize the Kingdom of God and attempt to cope with the powers of evil on the earth, Her commission remains the same-to bear the Message, to sacrifice and suffer with her Lord and to continue to pray, "Thy Kingdom Come," in the assurance that soon, as His Bride and joint-heir she shall be exalted in resurrection power and have a part with Him in the inauguration of His Kingdom in all the earth, which will then subdue all the evils of the world; evils and problems which at the present time baffle the world's wisest men.

THE UNION TAUGHT BY JESUS

As for the claim that the proposed League of Churches is a scriptural arrangement: The viewpoint of the Bible student is that it would be merely "a form of godliness

and denying the power thereof;" Neither our Lord nor the Apostle Paul referred to a union of denominations. They preached an individual union with Christ, and a consequent relationship of all justified and consecrated believers to each other in the one Lord, one faith and one baptism. This union already exists, :except that certain man-made boundaries fence off and separate the Lord's sheep. Wherever and whenever the Lord's sheep meet they may and do quickly identify themselves to each other, and the heart union and fellowship and joy in the Lord they experience cannot even be imitated by creedal bonds. The union of the Church to which our Lord referred in His prayer, "That they all may be one," was this union of heart already and always experienced by the true members of the "one body," and additionally He referred to the actual union of all such with Himself by the resurrection "change" from flesh and blood to spirit beingto be with Him and like Him and to share His glory and power and great work for the world, which He mentions just following, viz.: "that the world [during the Millennium] may believe."

But a denominational union, a union of the religious organizations such as has been agitated for a number of years and now more recently urged as indicated in the above clipping, would not be a union based upon a harmony of doctrine, but would be a union at the expense of the truth. Such a union would give prestige to doctrines which cannot be sustained either by reason or Scripture. Such a union would give greater political power, and lead ultimately to the suppression of the Truth as unsettling and antagonistic to the peace of error and errorists. But the Truth has naught to fear, and the Truth people see clearly that only the Truth can produce that real heart-union which the Lord referred to in His prayer for His people--"that they all may be one." Another part of our Lord's petition was, "Sanctify them through thy Truth." Wherever the sanctifying of the

Truth goes, there true union goes, proportionately. Not worldly union, however; not denominational union,, for the Truth separates from the world and from denominationalism and unites all developed children of the Truth to each other, by uniting each to the Head-our Lord. Such are taught of God; such hear their Head; such are thus made one in Him and in His Truth.

Many Bible students will readily remember that our Pastor for many years called attention to a number of Scriptures which clearly point out that in the end of this Age there would be a general uniting of the ecclesiastical powers of Christendom--a rolling together of the heavens as a scroll (Rev. 6:14; Isa. 34:4; 8:12), and that such a religious combination would be recognized by the civil powers and be given authority to speak and command.

As pointed out by our Pastor and as seen from the pages of history, such an ecclesiastical power established, would result unfavorably to God's faithful people, meaning ulti­mately the suppression of the Truth and the suppression of those who would faithfully persist in standing for truth and righteousness, and who would fearlessly pro­claim the Message, the true Gospel, the Message of the Kingdom. 

We may not know, dear brethren, how near at hand such a federation of the ecclesiastical powers may be, nor just how soon it would effect those who would remain loyal to the Lord and His Word. We will not do any prophesying or speculating upon the subject, but wait upon the Lord and look for Him to go before us, and lead the way, remembering that whatever comes there is nothing for us to fear, for our God is at the helm. It is rather for us, in noting the signs of the times to lift up our heads and rejoice, knowing that our redemption draweth nigh. The Psalmist prophetically declares the attitude of safety and security of the Lord's people living in these last times: "Therefore will not we fear, though the earth be removed, and though the mountains be carried into the midst of the sea."--Psalm 46:2.


WISDOM IN THE WORK OF THE -MINISTRY

"Let all things be done decently and in order."--1 Cor. 14:40.

THE above language of the Apostle, familiar to all, sets forth a line of wisdom which, if more generally heeded by the Lord's people, would mean the safeguarding of their interests and their increased blessing. It suggests a principle that may be clearly traced down through the ages in all the steps of the Divine Plan. In other words, "Order is heaven's first law." The lifework of our Pastor furnishes strong evidence that he, too, was an ardent admirer of this principle and that he diligently endeavored to carry on the work of the ministry strictly along lines of system and order--"decently and in order."

Looking soberly and humbly unto the Lord in these last times for wisdom and guidance in connection with whatever opportunities of the ministry there may be, the brethren of the PASTORAL BIBLE INSTITUTE believe that they do well to follow closely the voice of Heavenly wisdom--the wisdom that others of God's servants have heeded in the past and. whose labors have had the Divine blessing in rich measure.

As we have earnestly sought to know the. mind of the Lord with regard to the ministry of the Word at this time, we believe we have had unmistakable evidence of the Lord's approval and guidance in connection with the establishment of what is known as the PASTORAL BIBLE INSTITUTE. This we say not boastfully, but we trust, in humility, recognizing our dependence upon the Lord and, that without Him we can do nothing.

A number of inquiries have come, asking more particularly regarding the nature and mission of the PASTORAL BIBLE INSTITUTE, expressing a desire to have a part in the work and requesting information as to how they may obtain membership in this arrangement; we are herein giving a further brief review bearing upon the matter.

In reply to these queries we would recommend first of all, the reading of the two articles in the first issue of this journal, December 1, 1918, under the caption, "Inquire for the Old Paths," and "A Holy Convocation at Providence, R. I." We still have a supply of these issues of THE HERALD, and they will be, mailed free upon request. In the explanations above referred to, attention was called to the fact that many of the Lord's dear sheep during the past year have found themselves in such circumstances that have caused them to look earnestly in the direction of some concerted action whereby they might be kept in touch and in fellowship with one another and by which they could unite their efforts in carrying on such branches of the ministry of the Word, according to apostolic simplicity, as would be open to them, such as the issuing of a periodical, conducting Pilgrim work, issuing free literature, etc.

WORK PLACED ON LEGAL FOOTING

It was ascertained that practically the unanimous sentiment and desire of the brethren was that there should be at least some simple reorganization of their forces whereby the above mentioned purposes might be executed. It was realized at once, of course, by thoughtful brethren, that no headway could be made without first of all having an orderly business arrangement by which to transact business incidental to the ministry, just as our Pastor early in the Harvest work had seen the need for, and made provision for such an arrangement in connection with his efforts then. Thus we quote his published statement in 1894:

"The Society was formed in 1881, at the time of the free distribution of 1,400,000 copies of the pamphlet, 'Food for Thinking Christians'--now out of print. It consisted of five of the Lord's children, and its affairs were entirely in my charge. Later, 1884, at the instance of the friends of the cause, who advised that matters be put upon a legal footing so that the work might not be interrupted in case of my sudden death, the Society applied for a Charter under the laws of the State of Pennsylvania, and received one dated December 13, 1884."--"A Conspiracy Exposed," April 25, 1894.

Twenty-five years later when under the Lord's providence the headquarters of the work was transferred to New York our Pastor found it necessary to form another business corporation in order to conduct business in the State of New York. Thus he wrote:

"When we moved here to New York, we were informed that the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society could not hold title to property here. We were told, 'You can do business in a personal way, but not as a Society. So if you want to do any business here, you must be chartered as an Association.' 'Very well, then,' we said, 'we will organize the Peoples Pulpit Association! This is merely another name for the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society, for New York business. Later on, in Great Britain, we were informed, 'Your American Charter does not count for anything here.' Consequently we took out a Charter there for the International Bible Students Association. This reads practically the same as the Charter of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society. These three different Societies were made necessary by the law of different states and countries. . . . The Peoples Pulpit Association is the only one of the three that can do business here in New York. . . . The International Bible Students Association has no legal status except in Great Britain; the Peoples Pulpit Association has none except in New York State."--Z.'15-359.

 All are familiar with the fact of the Lord's abundant blessing upon these various business concerns thus effected by our Pastor by which under his wise judgment and management the ministry was carried on. It is worthy of note that our Pastor recognized that there was no law in the Bible as to forming business corporations; no instructions or law in the Word as to some particular kind of corporation to be based upon some specific Charter. Hence, our Pastor used the spirit of a sound mind and arranged the corporations above referred to, so that each would be in full conformity to the statute of the state or country in which it was to operate; and such provision was made in the Charter of each, as the circumstances and conditions of the times necessitated.

The friends therefore now, desiring to make necessary business arrangements to carry on the ministry, have for the same reason that moved our Pastor, seen the necessity of having a simple business corporation by which to conduct the affairs of the work decently and in order; and just as the various business corporations that our Pastor formed were not an attempt at organizing the Church in any sense, but merely business concerns not for pecu­niary profit, so likewise, this is all that has been undertaken at the present time. In fact , it was found to be the unanimous advice of the friends that nothing elaborate or intricate in the way of a business corporation be under­ taken at this time, but that it should be of great simplicity, and such only as, would be found necessary in a business way. Accordingly, the Charter of the PASTORAL BIBLE INSTITUTE was written with this end in view, and in full conformity with the statute of the State of New York in which the headquarters of the work are established.

We call attention here to the fact that the law of New York regarding membership corporations, allows but one vote to each member, which is different from companies formed for profit. Many companies formed under it are entirely secular and are in no sense carrying on a religious work. The Peoples Pulpit Association was formed under it, and, unlike the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society corporation, each member in the Peoples Pulpit Association has but one vote. Likewise the Charter of the PASTORAL BIBLE INSTITUTE corporation formed under the .same corporation law, provides in harmony with that law that each member shall have but one vote.

NONE AUTHORIZED TO ORGANIZE CHURCH

What we wish impressed upon all is that there is no thought in the minds of any of the brethren connected -with our work, that we should attempt to organize a Church. We think it needless to here explain that none of God's people are now authorized to attempt anything of this kind for the only organization that relates to this Age is that which was instituted by our Lord and the Apostles, and this arrangement was not a sect nor an organization, in the usual acceptation of that term. The organization created in the beginning of the Age, as the Apostle explains consisted of the appointing of "some apostles; and some, prophets; and some, evangelists; and some, pastors and teachers; for the perfecting of the saints, for the work of the ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ: Till we all come in the -unity of the faith, and of the knowledge of the Son of Cod, unto a perfect man, unto the measure of the stature of the fullness of Christ." (Eph. 4:11-16.) This, the established order of the early Church, was intended to be sufficient, and the only organization of the entire Age. Even this apostolic arrangement was to be but a temporary affair, in the sense that it is not the final organization, but relates merely to the experiences of the Church while on trial now in the flesh. The final and ultimate organization of the Church is not yet, and will not be until the Kingdom or glorified state is reached. Thus our Pastor presented the matter in 1908:

"God's Church, when completed and ORGANIZED, will, be all that is given above as the Catholic or Episcopal view. But it is not yet completed, and hence NOT YETORGANIZED. When organized, it will be clothed with power, and will be, not a democracy, but an empire; not a republic, but a kingdom. As such it WILL come to MAN, the world-during the Millennium with DIVINE AUTHORITY and with power to back up that authority. Its officers are then to be under oath to the Eternal King, and they are to minister to man in His name, and for Him. All this, it is to be noted, fits exactly to the coming REIGN of the Church, when it shall 'bless all the families of the earth;' but it does not fit at all to the present. state or condition. There is no organization today clothed with such Divine authority imperiously to command mankind. There is no organization doing this today; though we are well aware that many of them in theory claim that they ought to be permitted to do so; and many more would like to do so.

God's Church is not yet ORGANIZED. On the contrary, the Gospel Age has been the time for calling out and testing the volunteers willing to sacrifice and suffer with their Lord now, and thus prove themselves worthy (Rev. 3:4, 5, 21; 2 Tim. 2:11, 12; Rom. 8:17) to be organized as joint-heirs in His Kingdom at the close of the Gospel Age, when He shall 'set up' or organize His Kingdom in power and great glory, to bless and rule the world with 'Divine authority.'

"In the meantime, these unorganized but merely called out ones, who are seeking to make their calling and election sure, that they may obtain a share in the Kingdom (2 Pet. 1:10; 2 Cor. 5:9), are 'A VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATION OF BELIEVERS,' drawn together for mutual assistance in seeking to know and to do the Master's will, that they may be accounted worthy the honors and glories promised, and not now to rule men by Divine authority; for they have as yet no such authority. In this 'VOLUNTARY association' of the consecrated, there is no imperial authority of one over another; and no lording over God's heritage should be permitted; for the one and only Lord has left the instruction, 'Be not ye called Rabbi; for one is your Master, even Christ, and all ye are brethren. -- 'Matt. 23:8."--Z.'08-119, 120.

The brethren of the PASTORAL BIBLE INSTITUTE View the matter of the Church organization in the light of our Pastor's explanation, and desire that it be clearly under-, stood that our corporation is not a religious organization, nor an attempt to organize another Church sect. To state the matter in other words, this Institute is as a corporation, secular, and is merely the machinery by which Christians who are members of the various Ecclesias may be associated together in mutual upbuilding and witnessing to the Gospel of the Kingdom, and whereby the various Ecclesias of God's people may be kept in touch with one another and unite their efforts in the ministry. The control of the Institute is entirely in the hands of the brethren themselves who become members, in that they have the electing of the managers or servants of the Institute, who are designated a Board of Trustees or Directors, consisting of seven members, and who, by the Charter of the Institute, are made entirely subordinate to the wishes of the members themselves, so that in the event of any dissatisfaction with any Trustee, or all seven of the Trustees, the difficulty may be remedied, as an entirely-new Board may be elected each year. Thus, it is seen that the brethren entrusted as Directors with the affairs of the Institute are enabled to operate according to the will of the majority, and in order that it may be the will of the members expressed by the majority, each member has but one vote, as the law of New York provides.

Such brethren thus elected go forth in the name of Christ as ministers or servants of the brethren, but the Institute as a business corporation, is merely used to carry on such business as our presence on earth, tabernacling under modern conditions, seems to require. It is not an attempt to be a Church, because it is no test of one's standing with the Father to be a member or not to be a member, even though the Institute reserves the right to accept or not to accept an individual into membership. In view of the fact that both the Directors and members have imperfect judgments and may err in the matter of deciding who shall be members, the Institute can not, of course, claim to be a Church, but does operate as a business servant of certain members of Ecclesias.

We believe that all can see that in view of the above explanation, the work of the ministry will be carried on not in the name of any individual, nor to be controlled by a self-appointed leader, nor yet by a clique of individuals, but in the name of the Lord and of the brethren, and to be controlled by them. Thus everything in the nature of headship and of lording it over God's heritage

is prevented. A careful study of the Lord's Word clearly reveals that such a business corporation is in harmony with the Divine Word and has the Lord's approval.

PROPER TESTS OF FELLOWSHIP

Some may still ask if membership in the PASTORAL BIBLE INSTITUTE is to be made in any way a test of fellowship. Our reply is that no thought could be farther from the mind of the brethren connected with this work than that of making such a test. The Scriptures indicate the only lines or tests of fellowship, namely: faith in our Lord and Redeemer and full consecration to Him and His service. We are authorized to apply no other tests than these, nor should we desire to do so. Therefore the failure of anyone to become a member of this INSTITUTE has no bearing whatever upon his stand among the brethren nor upon his membership in the Church of Christ. Such a position would be utterly absurd and contrary to the Scriptures. Nor is it necessary to become a member of the PASTORAL BIBLE INSTITUTE in order to have a share in the work and to co-operate in the work of the ministry. The arrangement for membership in the INSTITUTE is, as explained above, merely for the purpose of giving those who co-operate, a voice in the management and control of the various lines of the ministry that are undertaken, as it would be supposed that those who put their time and means in the work would desire to have some expression or voice as to the policies and lines of service to be put into operation. In our January 1 issue of THE HERALD under the caption, "The Charter of our INSTITUTION," We have published the articles of the Charter which set forth the government of the INSTITUTE and the simple regulations by which membership in the Institute is acquired. To those who become members, a Certificate of Membership is issued, but this involves no obligation whatever. It is merely in the nature of a memorandum or receipt.

But let not any for an instant think that in becoming a member of the PASTORAL BIBLE INSTITUTE they are joining anything in the nature of another sect or Church organization, nor that they are being tied or being bound up in anything. To the contrary, we urge upon the Lord's people everywhere that they remain free from all human bondage and that they guard their liberty in Christ with great vigilance, that they be not entangled again with any yoke of bondage. But while so doing, let us follow the spirit of a sound mind and make use of such natural ways and means at our disposal for uniting our efforts in the work of the ministry for the glory of the Lord and for the building up of one another in the most holy faith.

We believe that all will be glad to learn that the brethren laboring together in the arrangement of the PASTORAL BIBLE INSTITUTE have been doing so most harmoniously and have realized largely of the Lord's favor and have been greatly encouraged over the results of their endeavors thus far to comfort and assist the brethren. If under the Lord's providence the friends shall have larger opportunities to proclaim the message and of bearing testimony to the Truth, this side of the vail, all will no doubt rejoice in the same. On the other hand, if it is the Lord's will that our opportunities and privileges shall be more and more curtailed and narrowed down into the dark night wherein no man can work, let us equally rejoice, conscious that the work is the Lord's and that nothing can hinder His Message till His purposes are accomplished. Let us remember, too, that it is ours to look forward with fond anticipation to the glad day near at hand when in the resurrection life, in glory, if faithful, it shall be given to us to enjoy the exceeding riches of His grace, and to speak of the praises of our King throughout endless ages.


THE REVELATION OF JESUS CHRIST

SERIES VII.

ARRAYED IN WHITE ROBES BEARING PALM-BRANCHES

"After these things I saw, and behold! a great Crowd which no one could have numbered, out of Every Nation, and of all Tribes and Peoples and Languages standing before the Throne, and in the presence of the Lamb, invested with White Robes and Palm-branches in their Hands; and they cry with a loud Voice saying, 'The salvation [be ascribed] to That God of ours who Sits on the Throne and to the Lamb.' And all the Angels stood around the Throne and the Elders and the Four Living ones, and they fell down on their Faces before the Throne, and worshiped God, saying, 'Amen! the Blessing and the Glory, and the Wisdom, and the Thanksgiving, and the Honor, and the Power, and the Strength, be to our God for the Ages of the Ages.' And one of the Elders answered, saying to me, 'These who have been Invested with White Robes, who are they? and whence did they come?' And I said to him, 'My Lord Thou knowest.' And he said to me, 'These are those coming out of the Great Affliction, and they washed their Robes, and whitened them in the Blood of the Lamb. On this account they are before the Throne of God, and publicly serve Him Day and Night in His Temple; and He who Sits on the Throne will tabernacle over them. They will hunger no more, neither will they thirst any more; nor will the Sun fall on them, nor Any Heat. Because That Lamb which is in the Midst of the Throne will tend them, and will lead them to Fountains of Waters of Life; and God will wipe away Every Tear, from their Eyes."' Rev. 7:9-17. Diaglott.

SUBSEQUENT to the vision during which St. John heard the number of the elect, seated ones, his attention was diverted for a time from earthly objects, to witness a wonderful scene in the vast expanse, before the rainbow encircled Throne. He beheld an immense throng, an innumerable company standing there, and recognized them as a band of saved ones from the earth; of all nations and tribes and tongues and peoples. They are represented as clothed in white robes. The white robes, representing personal purity, completeness, perfection, ,shows their public acceptance before the Heavenly Court in the presence of the angels and of the Lamb. They have in their hands palm branches, symbolizing' no doubt, the ultimate victory they experience, their great JOY because of their wonderful deliverance from the destructive elements of the great "whirlwind" of trouble, which came after the sealing of the Elect was completed. They ascribe all the glory and honor of their salvation to God and to the Lamb, thus showing that their salvation is fully realized at last, and that their days of trouble and trial are over. Their conflict with sin and the powers of darkness is ended-they have entered into the bliss of the Haven of Rest. That their salvation is finished is shown by their having been assigned stations before the Throne, thus entering into the joys of the service of God in His Temple. Whatever may have been the depth of their sorrow or the extent of their bitter disappointment and anguish, as they found themselves in the midst of the terrible scenes of the great trouble, their trials, afflictions and sorrows are now all in the past, and the remembrance of them will only serve to increase their gratitude to their Deliverer, and add to their happiness. Their robes have been made spotless in the blood of the Lamb. Their forgiveness is complete; they will never need forgiveness again, as they will never more be stained with sin. Their full reconciliation to the One who sits upon the Throne is shown by the fact that He takes up His abode in their midst. Nevermore are they to experience want, for the Lamb that is in the midst of the Throne is to feed them and lead them beside the fountains of living waters of truth.

Some one has most eloquently portrayed the bliss of this innumerable company of saved ones: "How glorious their change! How vast and majestic a change from the weaknesses, the sins, the conflicts, the miseries that before marked their existence, the agonies of death and the darkness and ruin of the grave, to which they were doomed because of their offenses! And in what harmony with this is the homage of the angelic hosts who witness their acceptance. They bend in prostrate homage and ascribe to Him the blessing and the glory and the wisdom, and the thanks and the honor, and the dominion and the might forever and ever, which implies that the redemption of this innumerable multitude is finished, and indicates their understanding of its nature, their sense of its greatness and beauty."

The angelic host, and the elders and the living ones, who witness their acceptance know the honor and dignity of the service they perform in the Temple in which God Himself is to take up His abode.

"WHO ARE THESE INVESTED WITH WHITE ROBES?"

As we carefully note this description of this great multitude, their blessedness, their joys, as they stand before the Throne and the welcome they receive from all the actors of the vision, there cannot help but arise in our mind the inquiry, What more could possibly add to their bliss and happiness? And in replying, we would have to say that, if it were a question, simply of their own satisfaction with their blissful state, we could think of nothing that could be added to their enjoyment. However, we are not having described in this picture the "little flock," the "joint-heirs," who inherit the glory that excelleth and who will be kings and priests unto God and the Lamb. The description of the future happiness and of the station these latter occupy and of their employment in the coming Kingdom is reserved to a future vision.-Rev. 20:4,6; 21:9-27.

Who, then, are these? or to express this inquiry in the words of one of the elders who performed an important part in the vision, "These who have been invested with white robes, who are they?" St. John to whom the inquiry was addressed was unable to answer, but while endeavoring to restrain his eager desire to know, replied, "My Lord, thou knowest." Then the elder who seemed to have an understanding of everything connected with the Divine purposes, replied, "These are they which came out of great tribulation and have washed their robes and made them white in the blood of the Lamb." (Vs. 13, 14.) It would be perfectly reasonable to understand from these words:

1. That the four angels had loosened their hold of the four winds (Rev. 7:1), and the great whirlwind had spent its force-that the "great day of wrath" (Rev. 6:17) had come and its terrible scenes were passed.

2. That when the great tribulation (a more literal description of the great whirlwind) had swept in, following the sealing of the 144,000, it found a great company of the Lord's consecrated ones on the earth, to pass through the trials and afflictions of those terrible scenes in which the Anti-Christian powers are destroyed.

3. That their white robes (imputed righteousness of Christ) which, when the great tribulation began, were found to be spotted, would have to be washed in the blood of the Lamb before they could enter the Heavenly Court.

This would imply that the scenes of the great tribulation were necessary to them, to complete the development of character and the purification required to enter upon the enjoyment of their final state in glory.

In our endeavor to discover more particularly who are represented by this great multitude, let us again caution the reader to keep in mind that the whole scene is symbolic--that what St. John saw represented an occurrence in the distant future from his day; also, that that which was symbolized by the great whirlwind, and referred to more literally as the "great tribulation" has not yet occurred. The fulfilment is yet future, though doubtless in the near future. More than this, a considerable number of these represented in the vision are now here living upon the earth.

THE INNUMERABLE MULTITUDE NOT THE ELECT

There have been several views held by historical expositors of the Revelation concerning who are represented by this innumerable multitude. We believe, however, that those who have made the most careful and thorough examination of this text clearly recognize that this class represents a separate and distinct body from the "elect ones," "the one hundred and forty-four thousand." Some have held that the 144,000 represent those who are living at the Second Advent, and meet their. "change" without dying. These expositors understand that the great multitude represent those of the saved ones, who have lived throughout the Age, and are at this time resurrected, and together with the 144,000 constitute one class. The general description, however, will not harmonize with this interpretation, for one is evidently an elect class and the other is not. Other Scriptures teach that the "dead in Christ shall rise first," which would conflict with such an interpretation. There are other reasons why this interpretation cannot be the true one. The fact that they are described as serving God in His Temple, distinguishes them from the "elect class," who are symbolized by the Temple itself. (1 Cor. 3:16, 17; 2 Cor. 6:16.) We quote our Pastor's words concerning this "great company":

"While the number of those who wear the robe of Christ's righteousness, is as compared with the number of the world, small indeed, yet how large a proportion of these are not walking in white, but have their robes greatly spotted by contact with the world, the flesh and the devilby unfaithfulness or by carelessness, worldliness. . . . Is there no hope for these, who fail to be overcomers, who fail to walk in white, who fail to gain the crown and the immortality to be bestowed only upon the 'elect,' 'worthy,' 'overcomers?' Yes, thank God! We rejoice that there is hope for these, BECAUSE they have not cast off their wedding garments, even though they have gotten them sadly spotted and soiled by contact with the world. . . . After telling of the sealing of the elect class, the spiritual Israel, the peculiar people zealous of good works, the Little Flock, the bride, the overcomers, a definite, predetermined number, 'a hundred and forty and four thousand,' gathered out of Babylon, before the winds of the great tribulation are let loose upon the world, all of them bearing the seal or mark -of God's favor in their foreheads--a noticeable INTELLECTUAL evidence of Divine favor, the impress of the spirit of the Truth, as well as the Word of Truth, our Lord shows us the 'great multitude' of His followers, 'whose number no man is able to. tell' (that is, it is not a foreordained or fixed number-none were called to be of this company), who will eventually stand before the Lord, 'clothed with white robes, and palms in their hands,' crying, 'salvation to our God, which sitteth upon the Throne and unto the Lamb.' Who are these who are not of the Bride, the elect class, the overcomers, is the question? The answer is, These are they which came out of [the] great tribulation, and have WASHED their robes, and MADE THEM WHITE in the blood of the Lamb. THEREFORE [on this account] are they before the Throne of God, and serve Him day and night, in His Temple.-Rev. 7:9, 10, 13-15."--Z'97--160,161.

Those who have studied and weighed carefully the words of our Savior in the Gospels, and those of the Apostles in their epistles, cannot have failed to note that a distinct and definite destiny, as a reward is to be realized by those faithful overcomers who in full loyalty follow in the Master's footsteps to the end of their race. Likewise we find in these utterances plain statements that teach unmistakably that some, because of a lack of zeal, etc., will lose the great reward, the prize, the most faithful ones obtain, and yet be saved, but so as by fire. (1 Cor. 5:5; 3:13-15.) The Savior's words, "Watch ye therefore, and pray always that ye may be accounted worthy to escape all these things that shall come to pass, and to stand before the Son of man" (Luke 21:36), are among the exhortations that teach this same line of thought.

The Apostle John's words: "Look to yourselves, that ye lose not the things which we have wrought, but that ye may receive a full reward" (2 John 8 R. V.) is another warning that well supports this view. The Apostle Paul evidently teaches the same in his exhortatory letter to the Corinthians, as we read: "For other foundation can no man lay than that is laid, which is Jesus Christ. Now if any man build [character] upon this foundation gold, sil­ver, precious stones [Divine truths and corresponding character or], wood, hay, stubble [traditional errors and corresponding unstable characters] ; every man's work shall be made manifest; for the day shall declare it, be­ cause it shall be revealed by fire; and the fire shall try every man's work of what sort it is. If any man's work abide which he hath built thereupon, be shall receive a reward. If any man's work shall be burned, he shall suffer loss; but he himself shall be saved, yet so as by fire."--1 Cor. 3:11-15.

"WASHED IN THE BLOOD OF THE LAMB"

That our Pastor connected this last Scripture with the great company class there can be no doubt:

"Other Scriptures (Rev. 7:9, 13-17 and I Cor. 3:15) show us that there will be 'a great company' who during this Age have entered the race for the grand prize of joint-heirship with Jesus, and who fail to 'so run' as to obtain it. These, though 'castaways,' as regards the prize (I Cor. 9:27). are nevertheless objects of the Lord's love; for at heart they are friends of righteousness, and not of sin: Hence by His providences through the circumstances of life, the Lord will cause them to come through 'great tribulation,' thus accomplishing for them 'THE DESTRUCTION of the flesh, that the spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord Jesus.' (1 Cor. 5:5.) They consecrated their justified human life, and God accepted that consecration and RECKONED them, according to their covenant, dead as human beings and alive as NEW--spiritual--creatures. But by their failure to carry out the contract of self-sacrifice, they cut themselves off from the 'Royal Priesthood'--from membership in the BODY of Christ."--T-69.

"The marks of distinction between this 'great company' and the 'little flock' are very pronounced, both as respects their present course and their future blessing. The faithful overcomers watch and keep their garments unspotted from the world. And this is given as one of the special conditions of acceptance as 'overcomers' to joint-heirship with the Lord--'they have not defiled their garments.' (Rev. 3:4.) They have kept 'their garments unspotted from the world.' They have not been willing to permit sin to contaminate them and to separate them from the Lord, but have quickly applied for and obtained the precious blood to remove every stain. They are so heartily opposed to sin and so earnest about the keeping of this garment unspotted, that the Adversary gets no hold upon them-'the wicked one catcheth them not.' (1 John 5:18.) All of this indicates a full submission of their wills to the will of Christ-they are 'dead with him,' hence could not willingly practice sin. Their reward is the crown of life, immortality, to be seated in the Throne, and to constitute the temple of which our Lord is the cap-stone, the chief cornerstone.

"Now contrast with these the 'great company,' lacking the intense love and zeal of the overcomers, they do not keep their garments with sufficient care, and as a result they lose all the rewards promised the overcomers; and, having failed in the race, they would get nothing, if it were not for our Lord's grace.

"But God's grace cannot admit to heavenly perfection those who 'have not robes of spotless righteousness; and hence we are shown that these who have not cared for their garments and kept them white must be put through a severe experience before they can in any sense of the word be sharers of heavenly favors. These severe experiences are shown in the symbol as WASHING THEIR ROBES, in a great TRIBULATION. But to show that not the penances or sufferings would cleanse the robes, though these might be necessary as proper punishments and disciplines, it is particularly stated that the efficacy for the cleansing is the 'BLOOD of the Lamb.' Many will thus be purged, purified and their garment, now sullied by contact with the world, often in the garb of nominal churchianity, will be cleansed of every guilty stain, when they, realizing the folly of their course, shall repentantly appeal to the Lord and use His help.

"But sad disappointments attach to the experiences of this company; it is because they FEAR the reproaches of Christ, that they shirk present privileges and opportunities for walking with Him in white in the 'sufferings of this present time:' behold, they not only miss the present joy and rejoicing of those who are faithful, but eventually they must come through STILL GREATER sufferings, if they would attain even to a lower place....

"Probably the majority of this 'great company' of tribulation saints are living today; for at no time in the past was there the same degree of knowledge of God and His Word, except in the early Church of apostolic times: never did so many profess to be the Lord's by consecration; and never were there so many subtle seductions from the ,narrow way' of self sacrifice."--Z'97-161,162.

THE QUEEN AND HER VIRGIN COMPANIONS

The distinctions between the "little flock" and the "great company" are pictured in the wonderful prophecy of the King's Son, His Bride and the virgins her companions of Psalm 45. Concerning this we further read:

"It is appropriate that we should remind ourselves afresh of the beautiful suggestion laid before us through the prophet David, respecting the wedding garment of the Bride. (Psa. 45:9-14.) Here the Lord, through the Prophet, tells us that the Bride as the Queen shall be presented before the King in 'raiment of fine needle work' as well as in 'clothing of wrought gold.' The -gold clothing, as we have heretofore seen, represents the immortality (an element of the Divine nature) with which the Church shall be invested in her resurrection glory. The raiment of fine needle work can be none other than the fine linen garment, clean and white, mentioned in Revelation. But here we have the additional suggestion given, that this garment will be finely embroidered. The robe that was merely loaned to us at first, and which constituted our invitation to the marriage, to joint-heirship with the King's Son, was not at first our own, it was merely loaned or imputed to us. But it became a permanent gift from the Bridegroom to as many as accepted the invitation to union with Him; and examining it carefully, they found upon it in delicate outline a stamping in graceful lines, corresponding to the embroidered robe worn by the King's Son. The suggestion of copying His robe was not only thus hinted at, but it was plainly declared that 0.11 who would be accounted worthy to be His 'elect' companions, should in all respects be copies of the Bridegroom.--Rom. 8:29.

"The careful setting of the stitches in the embroidering of this wedding garment has been the chief duty and constant occupation of the espoused virgin while waiting for the nuptial feast, at the return of the Bridegroom. True, much of the embroidering now done by us is very imperfect, because of first, our unskilfulness, secondly, our imperfections, and thirdly, the disturbing influences about us (the world, the flesh and the devil). Nevertheless, we can well understand that it is the blessing of experience that is designed, and that every painstaking effort is strengthening

character, and bringing us into fuller sympathy with our Lord; and that He, when He inspects His Church, will take pleasure in even our imperfect results, if they give evidence, that we have bestowed EFFORT, because desirous of bringing all into conformity with His will; and He will accept of our imperfect work as though it were perfect, and in the resurrection He will grant us ideal bodies with ideal powers and the ideal character embroidered perfectly upon the new robe, which will be OURS through His grace.

"And even here, the great company, the foolish virgins, not worthy to be the Bride, and hence rejected from that place of the 'elect,' are nevertheless pictured, in verses 14 and 15--'The virgins her [The Queen's] companions that follow her shall be brought to thee; with gladness and rejoicing shall they be brought [even though it be through great tribulation, they shall ultimately shout Hosanna]; they shall enter into the King's palace."--Z.97-162,163.

Another distinction between these two classes will be noted by the careful Bible student:

"These two classes, we remember, are distinctly shown in Rev. 7. The little flock--144,000, the spiritual Israelites -represent the faithful members of the Body of Christ, glorified; the other, a great multitude whose number was not fixed or predestinated by the Lord, which will come through tribulation,, and receive palm branches as servants before the Throne rather than crowns as overcomers in the Throne."--Z.'07-231.

SUMMARY

At this point in our study of the seven-sealed Scroll and its unfolding, we believe it will specially help to an understanding of the visions that follow, to briefly summarize our conclusions:

1. We have seen the Lord Jesus, the only one found worthy, given power by the Eternal One to open the seven-scaled Scroll. Up to this point of our studies, six seals have been broken by Him, the seventh yet remains. The breaking of the six seals, was, to the Lamb, a revelation of the future history of His followers embracing the whole Gospel Age. The particular time that this knowledge was given Him was after His resurrection, before His ascension when all power in heaven and in earth was committed to Him.

2. To St. John, who was a spectator of the Divine drama, it meant simply to see the symbolic transactions themselves.

3. To the followers of Christ at this time it signifies that they have the privilege of seeing that the actors and events which the symbols foreshadow, have been graven very distinctly on the pages of history, and only a small measure now awaits fulfillment.,

"And when [we read next] the Lamb opened the seventh seal," the complete Scroll of Jehovah's purposes was made known to Christ. This must have taken place before His ascension. It is at this time that the words, "There was silence in heaven about the space of half an hour," had its fulfilment. It began at Christ's ascension to heaven. This symbolic silence is followed by St. John's beholding seven angels standing in the presence of God to whom were given seven trumpets.

HITHERTO AND HENCEFORTH

Hitherto the Lord hath helped us,
Hitherto the Lord hath loved us,
Guiding all the way;
Caring for His own;

Henceforth let us trust Him fully,
Henceforth let us love Him better,
Trust Him all the day.
Live for Him alone.

Hitherto the. Lord hath blessed us,
Crowning all our days;
Henceforth let us live to bless Him,
Live to show His praise.


OUR RISEN LORD.

--APRIL 20 -- MATTHEW 28:1-10--

Golden Text.-He is risen, even as He said.-Matthew 28:6.

IN NO Christian doctrine does there seem to be a greater confusion in all denomi-nations than on the subject of this lesson-the resurrection of the dead--the resurrection of our Lord. 'Nevertheless, as with one voice, all Christendom unites in declaring that our Lord's resur­ rection was an indispensable necessity to our salvation, in this agreeing perfectly with the plain state­ment of the Apostle, "If Christ be not risen then is our preaching vain, and your faith is also vain; - -. Ye are yet in your sins. Then they also which are fallen asleep in Christ are perished." (I Cor. 15:13-18.) How strange that a subject of so vast importance as this should be so obscure! How strange that, recognizing its importance, thinking minds should treat it so lightly, and be willing to accept theories respecting it, the absurdity of which are manifest to all upon the mere statement of them!

HE POURED OUT HIS SOUL UNTO DEATH"

Those who claim that our Lord Himself did not die, but that merely His flesh died, are totally unable to answer or harmonize the Scriptural declarations on this subject,' which are most pointedly to the effect that "He poured out His soul unto death;" "He made His soul an offering for sin." It was Adam's soul (being, existence) that came under the sentence of death through disobedience. It was not merely a sin of his body, but, as the Scriptures declare, "The soul that sinneth, it shall die." It was Adam's soul that needed to be redeemed, and not merely his body, because if the soul were redeemed God could give it a new body as it pleased Him. God's proposition is not to give back, atom for atom, the same bodies that moulder into dust. On the contrary, it matters little what becomes of these mortal bodies, for, it was not these that were redeemed, nor these that are to be restored. It was the soul that needed redemption; it was the soul that was redeemed; it was the soul of our Lord Jesus that was given as a ransom price for the soul of Adam; and the result is that the souls of Adam and his posterity are all guaranteed a resurrection.

This central thought of the resurrection is wholly over­looked by Christian people in general, who leave the soul out of the question-out of redemption and out of the resurrection, whereas it is all-important. It is because the Apostle Paul recognized this matter so clearly that he stated himself so positively on this subject in his great chapter on the resurrection, 1 Corinthians, 15. He recog­nized that it was Christ's soul that died-that His very existence had ceased in death; that not merely His body, but Himself, was absolutely dead three days, and this is our Lord's own statement, "I am He that liveth and was dead." He does not say, I am He who lived always and who never died, but whose body died for the brief space of a few hours. It was because Christ's soul (being) was dead that the Apostle could declare that unless His soul, being, was made alive again by a resur-rection there could be no hope in Him as. a Savior and a Life-giver--there could be no hope of His ever exalting His Church to joint-heirship with Him in His Kingdom nor of His and their blessing all the families of the earth during a Millennial reign of righteousness-if He were dead, extinct, if He had not risen from the dead.

 he Apostle Peter also marks this point well, that it was the soul of Christ that was dead-that went to hades, the grave, the state or condition of death. Note how the Apostle Peter, on the day of Pentecost, quoted from the inspired prophet David, the words, "Thou wilt not leave

My soul in hell [Heb., sheol, Gr., hades, English, the state or condition of death]." St. Peter informs us that the Prophet spoke not of his own soul, but of Christ's soul, that it was not left in hades--that, on the contrary, it was raised up from the dead on the third day. (Acts 2:27, 30-33.) Whoever sees that it was our Lord's soul that went into the state of death can see abundant evidence for all the stress which the Apostles in their writings lay upon the fact of His resurrection. If Christ be risen, it is an evidence of Divine favor, and Divine favor is an evidence of His perfection-that He did the work of sacrifice which He undertook, and in a manner acceptable to the Father; and these things being true, it follows that His exaltation to the Father's right hand of power means that we have in this a full assurance of faith that all the exceeding great and precious promises of God to the world and to the Church, centered in Him, shall have a fulfillment in due time.

WOMAN HONORED AT JESUS' TOMB

Woman had the honor of being first to be made acquainted With the fact of our Lord's resurrection, and to receive His first message thereafter. Perhaps this was in part because the feminine mind seems naturally to grasp such subjects more quickly than the masculine mind, by what is sometimes termed intuitive faith, in contradistinction to what might be termed analytical faith. Or this may have been as a special recognition of woman's tender sympathy, which sought the earliest opportunity to bring balms and spices and to otherwise show sympathy and love for the deceased. At all events the women, who were earliest at the sepulchre, had a rich reward for their service, and for the love which prompted it.

They were fearful and surprised when they received the angel's message that Jesus was risen; yet they grasped the fact by "intuitive faith." As they eagerly ran to carry the joyful news to the brethren, Jesus met them in the way, revealing Himself in such a body as they could recognize. They worshiped at His feet, and held Him fast, as though fearful that He would leave them; but the Master consoled them, and sent them on their journey as bearers of His message to His disciples.

His words, "Touch Me not, for I am not yet ascended to My Father . . . and to your Father, to My God and to your God" (John 20:17), were doubtless uttered at this time, and need examination; because they have been sadly misconstrued. Professor Young's Lexicon shows that the word here rendered touch has the significance of "hold on." Mary evidently had already touched the Lord, for, as Matthew declares, they were holding the Lord by the feet. They evidently were fearful that the power which had raised our Lord would transport Him elsewhere. Probably, too, from the time the angels told them that He was risen, they had been discussing the matter and remembered that He had so told them and had said that He would "ascend up where He was before." So, now, when they saw Him and really embraced His feet they feared to let go, lest they should see Him no more. From this standpoint of view our Lord's words plainly meant: Do not hold Me as though fearful that you will never see Me more; My time to ascend to your Father and God and mine has not yet come. Go carry the news to the brethren. And remember that My God is your God, My Father in heaven is your Father in heaven.

In view of the fact that our Lord thus sent women as His special messengers, we may well consider it as an indication to us that while the Lord and the Apostles never commissioned women to take the chief public place in the preaching of the Gospel, yet they have a good place in this great service of the Truth, a not less noble, though less public mission in connection with the promulgation of the Gospel. It is safe for us to suppose that the natural tenderness and love supplemented by the Holy Spirit of love, fits and qualifies her for many important though less obtrusive and aggressive services for the Lord and His people. And happy are the brethren, and happy the sisters in the Church of Christ, where their mutual helpfulness in the service is recognized, and where each co-operates with the other, and seeks to follow as nearly as possible the Divine order and custom in the use of their respective talents.

The narrative of the sealing of the sepulchre and the setting of the watch, lest the disciples should steal away the Lord's body, seems to show conclusively that the religious leaders of the Jews were thoroughly blinded, and that our Lord's character, works and teachings, had no influence whatever upon them-that they had not the slightest suspicion of who He was, nor of the fulfilment of His prediction that He would. arise from the dead. Their only thought was that a fraud might be perpetrated by His disciples. But their evil suspicions were overruled by the Lord for good,, and became a testimony of the truth, and an assistance to faith on the part of believers.

MADE ALIVE IN THE SPIRIT

It was not necessary to our Lord's resurrection that the stone before the sepulchre should be moved, and the body from within also be removed; because the body which He has now is no more His former body of flesh than that body of flesh was His former spirit body, which He had before He became a man: nor were the atoms of matter composing this earthly body transformed into spiritual atoms to compose His spiritual body, any more than our natural bodies will be our spiritual bodies, if we have part in the First Resurrection, or their elements be required from which to construct our spiritual bodies. The Apostle Paul makes this very clear by his statement, "There is an animal body and there is a spiritual body."

These two kinds of bodies are dissimilar. A fleshly, an earthly or animal body is composed of flesh, blood and bones; but, as our Master declared, "a spirit hath not flesh and bones," etc. As our Lord could not use His heavenly or spirit body, when He came to be man's substitute and ransom price, and as He was therefore obliged to lay aside the glory of that higher nature and humble Himself and take "the form. of a servant, for the suffering of death," so, when He had finished the suffering and death, finished the work that the Father had given Him to do, and was to be received up again into the glory which He had with the Father before the world was, the human body would no longer be suitable. He must have again a spirit body. "That which is born of the flesh is flesh, and that which is born of the spirit is spirit." The form of a servant would not be suitable for Him whom the Father delighted to honor and to highly exalt, even above His former glorious station--"far above angels and principalities and powers and every name that is named." He therefore must be given a glorious body, "the express image of the Father's person;" and such His resurrection body was.

It is difficult for some, because of long-established habits of incorrect thought on this subject, to realize what the Apostle Paul means when he says, "Though we have known Christ after the flesh, yet now henceforth know we Him [so] no more;" or what the Apostle Peter means when he says, "He was put to death in the. flesh, but quickened in spirit." just what this means may be seen with greatest clearness, perhaps, from the words of the Apostle Paul, in describing the. resurrection of the over­ coming Church, "the first [chief] resurrection," in which all the members of the Body of Christ are to share, with their Head and Lord. Since we are to know "the power of His resurrection" as members of His Body (Phil. 3:10), it follows that any description that we can obtain of what our resurrection will be, must of necessity be a description also of His resurrection, since we are to share His resurrection--the First Resurrection.

Concerning this First Resurrection, the Apostle teaches that not the body that is sown will be raised, but another body, according to Divine arrangement. And contrasting these two bodies, the one which we now have, and the one which we shall have, he declares that the body which dies is sown in corruption, the body which shall be is raised in incorruption; the body which dies, dies in weakness, the body which shall be raised will be raised in power; the body which dies, dies in dishonor, the body which is raised will be raised in glory. The body which dies is a natural body, an animal body, an earthly body; the body of the resurrection will be a spiritual body, a heavenly body, not flesh and blood-not a human body.

WHY JESUS APPEARED IN BODY OF FLESH

The point of connection between our Lord's earthly body and His spiritual body is confused in the minds of many by reason of a certain fact which is not generally taken into consideration, namely, that our Lord, after His resurrection, had a work to do with His disciples to establish their faith in His resurrection, and to prepare and equip them for the work before them, of proclaiming the Gospel to every creature. Because they were still natural men, and had not yet fully received the baptism of the Holy Spirit which came upon them at Pentecost, after Jesus was glorified, therefore they were not prepared to understand or appreciate spiritual things; as the Apostle Paul declares, "The natural man receiveth not the things of the spirit of God, neither can he know them, for they are spiritually discerned." But it was necessary that the disciples should believe in the Lord Jesus Christ, before He ascended to the Father, in order that they might be in the proper attitude of heart to be made the recipients of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost, for it was not to come upon unbelievers, but upon believers.

In choosing how He would reveal Himself to His disciples and make known His resurrection from the dead, our Lord surely chose the best method; and yet His method was different from that which He afterward adopted in dealing with the Apostle Paul. To St. Paul He showed His real body, the brightness of which affected his eyesight, making him blind, and felling him to the earth; shining, as he declared, with greater brightness than the sun at noonday. Had our Lord appeared thus to the women when they went to the sepulchre, or to the disciples, as He met them subsequently, the effect would have been much less favorable than by the method which He did pursue; they were already astounded enough, at the wonderful things which had transpired in the preceding few days. He therefore adopted the method which had been in vogue previously, the method used by angels sent on special missions to men, and by our Lord Himself on some of these missions, before His nature was changed -before He "was made flesh"--while He was still a spirit being. For instance, He appeared as a man to Abraham, and talked with him and ate with him; but that appearance to Abraham was not a change of nature, but merely a vailing of the heavenly nature in a body of human flesh. Thus vailed, He could talk with Abraham and Sarah and -do so without alarming them. just so it was after His resurrection; although He was no longer a man, but had become a partaker of the Divine nature, and the express image of His Father's person, yet he appeared as a man and in different forms at different times; once as the gardener, to Mary; again as a stranger, to the two who went to Emmaus; and again, in the upper room, He appeared in a body like to His former self, bearing marks of the nails and of the spear. This was to convince Thomas, who declared that otherwise he would not believe in the resurrection; nevertheless with the desired evidence the Lord gave a gentle reproof to the effect that others, who could believe without demanding that physical test, were the more blessed.

Even as it was, with all these precautions and evidences to the "natural man," we are informed that though they worshiped Him, "some doubted." If he had appeared to them as He appeared to Saul of Tarsus later, can we doubt that they would have been perplexed more than enlightened? They would have been unable to recognize that it was the Lord who had previously been a spirit being, and who became a human being for our redemption, who had now been revived from death, no longer a man but a spirit being; that now He possessed all -the powers of a spirit being, to appear -in any form found desirable-as a burning bush or as a man, as a fisherman, or as a gardener, or as a wayfarer, or as His former self. As the Apostles had time to gradually take in the situation, they understood that it was He, their Lord, yet that He was now changed, and totally unlike His former self, and without human limitations. They were not prepared to understand the meaning of the teaching that we must all be "changed," in the twinkling of an eye, during the last trumpet, in order that we may "be like Him, and see Him as He is"--not as He was, nor as we are.


THE HOLY. SPIRIT OUR HELPER

-APRIL 27-JOHN 16:7-15; Acts 2:1-18--

Golden Text.-If ye then, being evil, know how to give good gifts unto your children, how much more shall your Heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to them that ask Him?--Luke 11:13.

OUR Lord's long conversation with His disciples just before His trial and crucifixion (John 13-16) was the climax of His teaching, reach­ing to the most profound depths and the loftiest heights. The crown of all this wonderful discourse is the revelation of the Holy Spirit.

Our Lord, on the way to Gethsemane on the night of His betrayal, gave the discourse of this lesson to His disciples. He had been telling them what they must expect as His followers; that they would be misunderstood, persecuted, reviled, because of their faithfulness to Him and to the brethren, whom He represented, "But these things have I told you that when the time shall come ye may remember that I told you of them." (V. 4.) He had not told them of all that they might expect, intimating this when He said, "I have many things to tell you, but ye cannot bear them now." The same may be said to be true of all that ever become the Lord's disciples. They see a sufficiency of light for one -step at a time, but the trials and difficulties future are graciously held from them that they may not be overwhelmed by them. "Sufficient unto the day is the -evil thereof." This was not deception, not the alluring of His disciples into doing something contrary to their wills. At the very outstart the Master assures us that unless we take up our cross and follow Him we cannot be His disciples. if we take this step honestly and sincerely we see plenty of difficulty in connection therewith, without knowing particulars of the troubles to come. Indeed, if we knew of our future trials we should be unjustly overwhelmed thereby, since at first we could but imperfectly appreciate the meaning of our Lord's words, "My grace is sufficient for thee; my strength, is made perfect in your weakness," and the assurance that He will not suffer us to be tempted above that which we are able, but will with every temptation provide a way of escape. (2 Cor. 12:9; 1 Cor. 10:13.) Hence, as the Lord's people take one step after another they find these promises quite true; they find themselves sustained, they find they have no more than they can bear, and that although their trials are indeed severer than at the beginning of the way, yet these can be overcome, because of growth in grace and knowledge.

The power by which the Lord would grant His aid to His persecuted followers during His personal absence was something difficult for them to understand. In our lesson the Master makes the matter as plain as possible, calling the power, the influence which He would exert on their behalf the Holy Spirit, the Spirit of God, the Spirit of Christ, the Spirit of the Truth. As the influence thus to be exerted upon them would be sustaining and comforting, the Lord denominated this Spirit or power a comforter, a sustainer, a helper. He did not say that He would send another person to deal with them; no other person could deal with them better than Himself. It was a spirit, an influence, a power which He would send, and this would fully represent the Father and fully represent Himself, so that in having the Holy Spirit they would be having the fellowship of the Father and the fellowship of the Son. This Holy Spirit is properly enough spoken of in the masculine, even as the Father and the Son are represented in the masculine. As it stands the propriety is obvious.

THE HOLY TRINITY

During the Dark Ages a great deal of confusion of thought prevailed and the clear teachings of the Scriptures were lost sight of. Indeed, the Bible for a time was little in use. The Bishops were credited with being the equals of the Apostles in inspiration, under the doctrine of the Apostolic Succession. Hence when these met in councils their vote or decision on, a doctrine was accepted as apostolic, authoritative. Seemingly it was overlooked that the Lord chose but twelve Apostles and said nothing about any successors to them, and that in Revelation He intimated there would be no successors when He pointed out the New Jerusalem with twelve foundations only, and in those twelve foundations the names of the twelve Apostles of the Lamb.-Rev. 21:14.

Quite clearly in the second century the influence of the Grecian philosophy upon the Church is quite noticeable, and various errors became prominent. One of these es­pecially related to our Lord, practically putting Him on a par with the Grecian philosophers, Socrates and Plato, and denying His special birth and His pre-human exist­ence. In combating those errors some, loyal to the Lord, went to the other extreme and declared Him, contrary to His own words, equal to the Father. (John 10:29; 14:28.) Next came disputation respecting the Holy Spirit, and these same extremists took the ground that there are three gods, the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit, "equal in power and glory."

Peculiarly enough, after claiming that they were equal, which implies that they are not. the same in person, but different persons, the claim was made that they are really one in person. Of course, such unscriptural, illogical reasoning cannot support itself, and hence those taking this position were driven to various expedients and subterfuges of argument. At times some of them claimed that there are really three Gods in one person, while others claimed that there are really three persons in one God, and not being able to explain either of the nonsensical statements, they have resorted to that word so useful to error and superstition, namely, "Mystery," "Mystery." They tell us that the matter of the Trinity is so mysterious that neither they nor anyone need to understand it. If they do not understand it, they, indeed, should not discuss it; but this should not hinder others who can understand it, and who see most clearly that the entire mystery is of their own making; that the Bible teaching on the subject is most clear, simple, harmonious and satisfactory.

When the Apostle discusses the question of God, he says to us, There is one living and true God, not three! He proceeds to say that this one living and true God is the Father; then he adds that there is one Lord Jesus Christ. (1 Cor. 8:6.) As we have already seen, this same Apostle declares that the Father highly exalted the Lord Jesus and gave Him a name which is above every name; that all men should honor the Son even as they honor the Father. (Phil. 2:9, 10; John 5:23.) This means that there are two persons, for in no other way could one exalt and honor another; and if the Son is to be honored as is the Father, it follows, as other Scriptures show, that He is now partaker of the Divine nature and that He was exalted to this high honor and dignity--"far above angels, principalities and powers"--as a reward for His obedience to the Father's will, in having come into the world and redeemed mankind at the cost of His own life in pursuance of the Divine purposes. This we have already seen from John 1:1--that our Lord, before He came into the world, before the world was made by Him as the Father's agent, was the Logos, the Word, the Messenger of the God, Jehovah, and that He was a God, a mighty one, superior to angels, the One "by whom all things were made that were

made; and without Him was not anything made that was made."

It will be noticed that the Apostle, in speaking of the Father and the Son, refers to them as separate persons, and that He does not refer to the Holy Spirit as another God, nor as the third part of God. Not that the Apostle ignores the Holy Spirit, however, for throughout all of his epistles it is recognized as the Spirit of the Father and the Spirit of the Son, representing both Father and Son in the Church. Nor are we to understand that the Holy Spirit is a spirit being-as when we read, "God is a spirit" -but that the word used signifies the spirit of a being, the power, influence, will, purpose, strength or whatever proceeds from the person. The Holy Spirit is said to proceed from the Father and from the Son as an influence or power, and this influence or power in the Church of consecrated believers operates in turn upon those with whom they mingle. It is always a good and holy spirit or influence, and is thus clearly distinct from the spirit of the world, the disposition of the world, the influence of the world, the spirit of sin, the spirit of anti-Christ, etc.

"THE HOLY SPIRIT WAS NOT YET GIVEN"

Our Lord gently broke to His sorrowing, bewildered disciples the news of His prospective departure to the Father who sent Him. They did not ask where, for they believed His word, that He had come forth from the Father and that He would return to the Father who sent Him. But sorrow bad filled their hearts. What would they do without the Lord! How could the promise of the Kingdom ever be fulfilled if He went away! Had they been following a delusion for three years? They would not doubt the Lord, but they were perplexed. Our Lord, therefore, explained that if they understood matters properly, it would relieve them of much of their distress, as it really was to their advantage, in their interest, that He should go away. Had He not gone away it would have been impossible for the Father to beget them of the Spirit and recognize them as sons of God; hence it would not have been possible for them ever to be more than human beings, ever to become spirit beings or partakers of the Divine nature, together with its glories and honors. Indeed, without the departure of our Lord it would have been impossible for them to attain even to human restitution, for the entire work of salvation, both as respects the Church and the world, was dependent upon our Lord's fulfilling the demands of justice. On the following day, as the Lamb of God, He died for the sin of Adam, which rested upon the entire race, and on the third day the Father raised Him up by His own power. In this great transaction on our behalf a most important work was accomplished: but the benefits of that work, under the Divine arrangement, could not come either to the Church or to the world, until first our Lord would ascend on high and appear in the presence of the Father and present the merit of His sacrifice as an oblation on behalf of His people. Had Jesus remained with His followers all through this Age, even as a spirit being (as He was with them during the forty days), no one could have been begotten of the Holy Spirit. It was necessary for Christ to ascend and present the merit of His sacrifice before we could be accepted and adopted, before we could receive the Holy Spirit.

When the Apostles received the Holy Spirit at Pentecost, they said, "This is that which was spoken of by the Prophet Joel"--not, This is he who was spoken of by the Prophet Joel. They called it a baptism with the Holy Spirit! - A baptism with a person is not a conceivable or proper thought; nor could it be a proper thought that the Holy Spirit as a person is personally present in each believer's heart! Whenever we attach the thought of personality it implies place. Thus we. see that God is a spirit, not that God is spirit; but we do not speak of the Holy Spirit as being separate, as though it were a person separate and distinct from the Father and from the Son; it is referred to in the Scriptures as the Spirit of God, belonging to God, emanating from God; a Spirit of Christ, emanating from Christ; a Spirit or* influence or power which is all pervasive, which can exercise itself in any place or in any number of places at any time and perform any kind of work or mission. How much more satisfactory is the true thought respecting the Holy Spirit than the absurd and unscriptural ones! We might remark in this connection that the word "him" of verse 7 in the Greek could, with equal propriety, be translated, "it"--"I will send it unto you"--nevertheless, we have no objection whatever to urge against the use of the word Him, since this Holy Spirit or influence is of or from Him, the Father. Similarly the word "he" in verse 8 could, with equal propriety, according to the Greek, be translated "it."

NOT THE SPIRIT OF THE WORLD

Among the various false ideas of the operations of the Holy Spirit is one which claims that the Holy Spirit as a person has been busy going hither and thither all through this Gospel Age convincing people of sin and converting them to righteousness. Some go so far in the erroneous thought as to tell us that no one could be converted from sin unless God's Holy Spirit miraculously. operated upon him. If these thoughts approximated the truth in any degree they would imply that God alone is responsible for the fact that the world is not converted today, because the Holy Spirit has failed to do its part in converting and reproving and convicting. But all this is a serious mistake.

The Holy Spirit does not operate at all in the hearts of the world; but, as our Lord declares, It shall be in you, His disciples, the Spirit of the Father, the Spirit or disposition of the Son, the spirit of the Truth, the spirit of a sane mind, the spirit of holiness to the Lord. None of these qualities of the Holy Spirit is found in the sinful world; they belong to and are intended only for the "sanctified in Christ Jesus." The power of God operates upon the hearts that are fully consecrated to Him, energizing them, cleansing them, separating them from the spirit of the world and using them in the Divine service. The spirit of the world is the spirit of sin and selfishness; the Spirit of the Lord is the spirit of holiness and consecration to the Divine will.

"HE WILL REPROVE THE WORLD"

How, then, will the Holy Spirit in you reprove them! We answer that all of the Church, begotten of the Holy Spirit and thus enlightened, are to let their light so shine before men that it will reprove the world. That which reproves the world is the holiness of the Church. The Spirit of the Lord, the disposition of the Lord in His people, brings reproof to those who are living in sin. It was so in our Lord's case, as He declared. The Father's Spirit was imparted to Him in this special sense at the time of His baptism; as John testified, "I beheld the Holy Spirit descending and resting upon Him and abiding." He received the Father's Spirit without measure, without limitation, for, as the perfect one, in the image and likeness of God, He could receive the Spirit of God in full measure. We, on the contrary, imperfect, defective through- the fall, can receive the Spirit only, in limited measure because of our defects-some more and some less; but, thank God, it is the privilege of each to be more and more filled with the Holy Spirit and sanctified by it as the days go by. Our Lord's light, which He let shine before men, was a great one. Our lights are feeble in comparison; but we are to emulate our Lord's example, and be more and more filled with the spirit of the Truth, the light of the Truth, and let it shine forth with wisdom upon all those who are in range of our influence.

The effect of this will be threefold, as stated in verses 8-11.

(1) "It will reprove the world of sin"--that is to say, it will make the world conscious of its sinful condition; it will show to the world more and more the exceeding sinfulness of sin. Many of the world have so lost the image of God and are so devoid of conscience that they cannot with great distinctness discriminate between honesty and dishonesty, between truth and falsity, between righteousness and sin. The world has been in the habit of measuring itself with itself; but now in Christ and His Church the Lord has established a new standard for the world; and the Church, not only by its words, but also by its actions, is to uphold the glorious standards of the Lord's words along the lines of justice and love.

(2) It is not enough that the world be convicted of sin; it needs to understand something about righteousness, the opposite of sin; that a considerable measure of righteousness is possible and that the difficulty in attaining it is due to the fallen nature. The world is to be convinced that righteousness is the proper standard, the only one which God could recognize, and that in His wonderful Plan He has arranged for eternal life to be granted only to the righteous. In this connection it is unavoidable that those who give the instruction, the spirit-enlightened ones, will find it necessary to make clear that no one can come into accord with the' Father through any works of righteousness of his own, but that the forgiveness, the covering for sins provided through the merit of Christ's sacrifice is necessary.

(3) The Spirit of the Lord in His people will convince their neighbors, all who come within the range of their light and their message, that the present life is not all that there is, that there is a trial purposed in God's arrangement for the whole world of mankind, a judgment, a test. Whoever hears this message must concede its reasonableness, and it becomes a basis for joy and hope to all those who desire eternal life. Such as are rightly and deeply exercised by these convictions will seek the Lord and His various means of grace in the present life that they may also have their judgment and trial as part of the Church. But such as are not thus exercised of influenced are to be instructed through the Church; in proportion, however, as they have light or knowledge they have responsibility. In God's Plan He has provided a day of judgment in the future for the world, in which all shall have full opportunity of being judged, of being tested along the lines of their loyalty to the Lord. Nevertheless their conduct in the present life has to do with that future judgment or trial. In proportion as they may disobey their conscience and fail to follow the leadings of the Truth in the present time, they will have stripes, difficulties to overcome in the future, and to whatever extent they now seek to live in accord with righteousness they will lay up for themselves a blessing which shall assist them in that day of judgment.

"BECAUSE THEY BELIEVED NOT"

The Holy Spirit of Truth in the Church will make known to the world that their continuance in the attitude of sinners, "children of wrath," is because they do not believe in and accept of Christ and His meritorious sacrifice for sin. The Holy Spirit in the Church will make known to the world that there is such a thing as righteousness, an imputed righteousness which has been secured by our Lord Jesus through His sacrifice, which He presented before the Father. The Holy Spirit in the Church will instruct the world that the present order of things cannot continue, that a new order of things will be ushered in at the Second Advent of our Lord, as He has already redeemed the world, thus securing the legal right to dispossess Satan, the prince of the present order of evil.

"HE WILL SHOW YOU THINGS TO COME"

Our Lord prepared His followers for a still larger amount of instruction after His ascension than they had received from Him during His presence. He explains that the necessity for this was their unpreparedness until they should be endued with power from on high. Until this they would be natural men, and, as the Apostle points out, "The natural man receiveth not the things of the Spirit of God, neither can he know them, because they are spiritually discerned." This is the explanation, then, of why our Lord Jesus did not present as deep teachings along spiritual lines as did some of the Apostles. It was not inability on His part to present them, but those truths would have been meat out of season to His disciples, which might have choked them, injured them. Hence the deeper things of our Lord's teachings were stated considerably in parabolic form, which would not hurt them at the time and which later they would come to appreciate and understand. Thus He said again, "I have told you earthly things and ye believed not [are unable to receive them], how would you believe if I told you of heavenly things ?"--John 3:12.

But the Spirit of Truth, when it shall come, will guide you into all Truth, yet it will be only a channel and not an authority, for it will make known to you various features of the Divine Plan, and these will include things not yet made manifest to you, but which in due time will be brought to your attention through the Word and through the influence of the Holy Spirit. I shall be glorified by this Holy Spirit, for it will be My things that will be shown unto you, for all things that the Father hath are Mine; "therefore, said I, that he [it] shall take of Mine and shall show them unto you." Note in this statement the prominence of the Father. All things are of the Father, but the Father hath made the Son joint-heir with Him, His associate, and nothing is said to belong to the Holy Spirit, because it is merely the Divine channel or agency through which communications, blessings, instructions, etc., will be communicated. The Holy Spirit is not a person, but the spirit or influence or power of the Almighty God and His everlasting Son, our Lord.

"GIVE YOU ANOTHER COMFORTER"

Our Golden Text is beautiful, helpful. It speaks to us of the love and tenderness on the part of our Heavenly Father, and assures us that the most precious of all gifts is His own Holy Spirit. Indeed, our Lord explains that the Holy Spirit as a comforting influence, as a guide, as an instructor and helper to the Lord's people in the Narrow Way would be a gift from the Father. This agrees with the Apostle's statement in the record of the Pentecostal blessing. Explaining the matter, the Apostle Peter said that our Lord, having been exalted to the right hand of Divine power, received this Holy Spirit, power, from the Father and shed it forth or sprayed it forth upon His followers at Pentecost. These descriptions fit well to the right view of the Holy Spirit, but are very much out of line with the, wrong view, that the Holy Spirit is a person. How could a person be sprayed or shed forth! How could one equal in authority pray to another that a third one equal to either of them should be shed forth as a gift! The inconsistency of the error is very manifest as soon as our eyes open to its falsity. But how beautiful is the true thought; that as soon as our Lord Jesus had appeared before the Father as our Advocate and had presented at the Mercy Seat the merit of His sacrifice on our behalf, the Father was well pleased to grant His Holy Spirit, His holy influence and power upon us, and adopt us into His family and treat us as sons!

How precious is the thought that the Pentecostal blessing was not merely for those who received it, but for the entire Church, as shown in the type! The kings, as well as the priests,. in the olden times were anointed, set apart to special service, and Christ and His Church are the true Kings and the true Priests of the Melchizedec order, through whose ministries as Kings and Priests all the families of the earth will be blessed. Our Lord is the Head, we are His members in particular. The coming of the Holy Spirit upon Him to fit and prepare Him to be the, King, to fit and prepare Him to be the Priest of the Melchizedec order, was symbolized in the type by the anointing of oil. Thus the Prophet speaks of this anointing as being poured upon Aaron's head and running down his beard even unto the skirts of His garments. This, as we see, represents the adoption of the Holy Spirit, which came upon our Lord Jesus the Head at His baptism, and which was shed forth at Pentecost upon all those who were ready and waiting to be accepted as His members, and we who since have believed on Him through their word have come into membership in the same Body and have received of the same anointing; and "this anointing which ye received of Him abideth in you," and shall be in you. This anointing did not represent a person, but an influence and blessing.

What a satisfaction, what a comfort, has come to the Lord's people through their privilege of being used by Him and adopted into His family by the begetting of the Holy Spirit, the adoption of the Holy Spirit, the anointing of the Holy Spirit, the Holy influence, the blessing of the Father and of the Son, guiding our judgments, guiding our hearts, opening to us the Scriptures, causing our hearts to burn within us as we are brought to a still greater appreciation of the lengths and breadths and heights and depths of our Father's glorious Plan of salvation for ourselves and all the families of the earth!

This abiding was not to be a temporary matter, fora day, a month, a year, but to the end of the Age, age-lasting, for the entire period. How glad we are that this, is so, and how blessed are the instructions and guidance which we have enjoyed! Truly, as our Lord said, the Holy Spirit shows us things to come, and explains to us, things that are past. How many of our blessings arealong the line of appreciation of coming things-the Millennial Kingdom, the times of restitution, the uplifting and strengthening of all the families of the earth!


ENCOURAGING 'LETTERS

REJOICES IN OLD PATHS

DEAR BRETHREN:

Please find enclosed -money order as subscription to THE HERALD for one year. Have just seen sample copy for December lst issue, and must say that the general style and get-up of same does the Committee great credit. More important, however, in my estimation, is the message which it contains and the general spirit and policy of same. So far as I can judge, it is an honest attempt to get back to the old paths and to be free from all trammels and delusions. So long as this spirit and outlook is maintained, you can reckon on my fullest support. . . .

Like yourselves, I have had to come through the fire . . . and I praise the Lord, for His guidance and care over me in all my ways. With love in the Lord.

Yours in His service,

W. C., Eng.

REMAINED CLOSE TO FIRST TABLE

DEAR BRETHREN IN THE LORD:

A dear Sister sent me a couple of copies of THE HERALD OF CHRIST'S KINGDOM-the first I knew of its publication. I am so remote from any of God's people, but now can get in touch with those of like precious faith.

Have been so bewildered and perplexed . . . but have remained close to the first table of the Lord, spread by that wise and faithful ­servant.

Am enclosing $1.00 for THE HERALD. Please send all back numbers. The Lord bless the Pastoral Bible Institute.

MRS. I. V. 0., Ariz.

DESIRES TO CO-OPERATE

DEAR BRETHREN:

I have greatly enjoyed reading THE HERALD, Number 1, an