References:

Eus. —Eusebius

R. —Reprints

Fox—Foxe’s Book of Martyrs

Tra. —Tradition

TCR—Thompson Chain Reference

Rev—The Revelation of Jesus Christ, Revelation Research Foundation

Ungers—Ungers Handbook

Who—Who’s who in the Bible

Men—The Masters Men, William Barclay

Andrew

Where From: Bethsaida in Galilee

Ac 2:7 And they were amazed and marvelled, saying, ‘Why, are not all these who are speaking Galileans?

Ac 1:11

Relatives: Brother-Simon Peter

Previous Vocation: Fisherman

He was partners with Peter, James and John Mt 4:18 And walking by the Sea of Galilee, He saw two brothers, Simon who was called Peter, and Andrew his brother, casting a net into the sea; for they were fishermen.

Mr 1:16,17 And as He was going along by the Sea of Galilee, He saw Simon and Andrew, the brother of Simon, casting a net in the sea; for they were fishermen. And Jesus said to them, ‘Follow Me, and I will make you become fishers of men.’

Lu 5:10, And so also James and John, sons of Zebedee, who were partners with Simon. And Jesus said to Simon, ‘Do not fear, from now on you will be catching men.’

Characteristics: Responded immediately when called

Mt 4:19-20 And He said to them, ‘Follow Me, and I will make you fishers of men.’ And they immediately left the nets, and followed Him.

Joh 1:35-37,40 Again the next day John was standing with two of his disciples, and he looked upon Jesus as He walked, and said, ‘Behold, the Lamb of God!’ And the two disciples heard him speak and they followed Jesus. One of the two who heard John speak, and followed Him, was Andrew, Simon Peter’s brother.

Prompt to help

At the feeding of the five thousand, Andrew introduced the boy who had the five loaves and two fishes.

Joh 6:8,9 One of His disciples, Andrew, Simon Peter’s brother, said to Him, ‘There is a lad here who has five barley loaves and two fish, but what are these for so many people?’

Brought others to Christ

Joh 12:20-22 Now there were certain Greeks among those who were going up to worship at the feast; these therefore came to Philip, who was from Bethsaida of Galilee, and began to ask him, saying, ‘Sir, we wish to see Jesus.’ Philip came and told Andrew; Andrew and Philip came, and they told Jesus.

Foreseeing, careful, cautious R. 2261:1

Partners: Peter R. 2261

Conversion

Was originally a Disciple of John the Baptist. Followed Jesus after John pointed out Jesus.

Joh 1:35-42 Again the next day John was standing with two of his disciples, and he looked upon Jesus as He walked, and said, ‘Behold, the Lamb of God!’ And the two disciples heard him speak, and they followed Jesus. And Jesus turned, and beheld them following, and said to them, ‘What do you seek?’ And they said to Him, ‘Rabbi (which translated means Teacher), where are You staying?’ He said to them, ‘Come, and you will see.’ They came therefore and saw where He was staying; and they stayed with Him that day, for it was about the tenth hour. One of the two who heard John speak, and followed Him, was Andrew, Simon Peter’s brother. He found first his own brother Simon, and said to him, ‘We have found the Messiah’ (which translated means Christ). He brought him to Jesus. Jesus looked at him, and said, ‘You are Simon the son of John; you shall be called Cephas’ (which is translated Peter).

Mat. 4:18 And walking by the Sea of Galilee, He saw two brothers, Simon who was called Peter, and Andrew his brother, casting a net into the sea; for they were fishermen.

Ministry or Journeys: Scythia, Achaia(Eus)

Through many of the Asiatic countries. Fox P. 30

Unique Facts

1. Originally a Disciple of John the Baptist

Joh 1:35,40 Again the next day John was standing with two of his disciples, One of the two who heard John speak, and followed Him, was Andrew, Simon Peter’s brother.

2. Introduced Peter to Jesus.

Joh 1:41,42 He found first his own brother Simon, and said to him, ‘We have found the Messiah’ (which translated means Christ). He brought him to Jesus. Jesus looked at him, and said, ‘You are Simon the son of John; you shall be called Cephas’ (which is translated Peter).

3. Introduced others to Jesus. The boy with the loaves and Fishes.

{ Joh 6:6-9} Also the Greeks to Jesus { Joh 12:20-22}

His Death: Crucified

Fox P.30-At Patrae in Greece, the governor threatened him with death for preaching against the idols which he worshipped; but St. Andrew fearlessly continued to tell the people of Christ. He was therefore sentenced to be crucified on a cross made of two pieces of wood of equal length, the ends of which were fixed in the ground. He was fastened to it, not with nails but with cords, so that his death might be more slow.

An ancient writer tells of the apostle’s sublime courage and fearlessness, in the following words:

When Andrew saw the cross prepared, he neither changed countenance nor colour, as the weakness of mortal man is wont to do; neither did his blood shrink; neither did he fail in his speech; his body fainted not; neither was his mind molested; his understanding did not fail him; but out of the abundance of his heart he said, ‘O cross, most welcome and oft-looked for; with a willing mind, joyful and desirously, I come to thee, being the scholar of Him who did hang on thee; because I have been always thy lover, and have longed to embrace thee!’ St. Andrew hung upon the cross three whole days, suffering dreadful pain, but continuing constantly to tell the people around him of the love of Jesus Christ. The people as they listened to him began to believe his words, and asked the governor to let him be taken down from the cross. Not liking to refuse them he at last ordered the ropes to be cut, but when the last rope was severed, the body of the apostle fell to the ground quite dead.

SIMON PETER

{Shimon Kefa}

OTHER NAMES

Simon

2Pe 1:1 Simon Peter, a bond-servant and apostle of Jesus Christ, to those who have received a faith of the same kind as ours, by the righteousness of our God and Savior, Jesus Christ.

Cephas

Ga 2:9 And recognizing the grace that had been given to me, James and Cephas and John, who were reputed to be pillars, gave to me and Barnabas the right hand of fellowship, that we might go to the

Gentiles, and they to the circumcised.

Joh 1:42 He brought him to Jesus. Jesus looked at him, and said, ‘You are Simon the son of John; you shall be called Cephas’ (which is translated Peter).

Bar-Jonah

Mt 16:17 And Jesus answered and said to him, ‘Blessed are you, Simon Barjona, because flesh and blood did not reveal this to you, but My Father who is in heaven.

WHERE FROM

Bethsaida, Galilee

Joh 1:44 Now Philip was from Bethsaida, of the city of Andrew and Ac 1:11 And they also said, ‘Men of Galilee, why do you stand looking into the sky? This Jesus, who has been taken up from you into heaven, will come in just the same way as you have watched Him go into heaven.’

Ac 2:7 And they were amazed and marvelled, saying, ‘Why, are not all these who are speaking Galileans?

R. 1522, 2819

KNOWN WRITINGS

1 Peter, 2 Peter, Gospel of Mark (Peter dictated to Mark) Eus. p. 64

RELATIVES

Wife

Mr 1:30 Now Simon’s mother-in-law was lying sick with a fever; and immediately they spoke to Him about her.

1Co 9:5 Do we not have a right to take along a believing wife, even as the rest of the apostles, and the brothers of the Lord, and Cephas?

Mother-in-Law

Mr 1:30 Now Simon’s mother-in-law was lying sick with a fever; and immediately they spoke to Him about her.

Brother: Andrew

Joh 1:40 One of the two who heard John speak, and followed Him, was Andrew, Simon Peter’s brother.

Lu 6:14, Joh 1:40, Mt 10:2

Father: Jonas, or John Joh 1:42 And he brought him to Jesus, and when Jesus beheld him, he said, ‘Thou art Simon the son of Jonah Mt 16:17 And Jesus answered him and said ‘Thou art Simon BarJona (Bar means ‘son of’}

Mother: Joanna (Zondervan’s}

Previous Vocation: Fisherman

Mt 4:18 And walking by the Sea of Galilee, He saw two brothers, Simon who was called Peter, and Andrew his brother, casting a net into the sea; for they were fishermen.

Mr 1:16 And as He was going along by the Sea of Galilee, He saw Simon and Andrew, the brother of Simon, casting a net in the sea; for they were fishermen.

CHARACTERISTICS

Impulsive

Mt 14:28 And Peter answered Him and said, ‘Lord, if it is You, command me to come to You on the water.’

Mt 17:14 And when they came to the multitude, a man came up to Him, falling on his knees before Him, and saying,

Joh 21:7 That disciple therefore whom Jesus loved said to Peter, ‘It is the Lord.’ And so when Simon Peter heard that it was the Lord, he put his outer garment on (for he was stripped for work), and threw himself into the sea.

Bold and Impetuous-R 2261

Joh 18:10 Simon Peter therefore having a sword, drew it, and struck the high priest’s slave, and cut off his right ear; and the slave’s name was Malchus.

Mt 14:28 And Peter answered Him and said, ‘Lord, if it is You, command me to come to You on the water.’

Tender hearted affection

Mt 26:75 And Peter remembered the word which Jesus had said, ‘Before a cock crows, you will deny Me three times.’ And he went out and wept bitterly.

Joh 13:9 Simon Peter said to Him, ‘Lord, not my feet only, but also my hands and my head.’

Joh 21:15 So when they had finished breakfast, Jesus said to Simon Peter, ‘ Simon, son of John, do you love Me more than these? ‘He said to Him,’ Yes, Lord; You know that I love You. ‘He said to him,’ Tend My lambs. ‘

Presumptuous

Mt 16:22 And Peter took Him aside and began to rebuke Him, saying, ‘God forbid it, Lord! This shall never happen to You.’

Joh 13:8 Peter said to Him, ‘Never shall You wash my feet!’ Jesus answered him, ‘If I do not wash you, you have no part with Me.’

Joh 18:10 Simon Peter therefore having a sword, drew it, and struck the high priest’s slave, and cut off his right ear; and the slave’s name was Malchus.

Timid, cowardly

Mt 14:30 But seeing the wind, he became afraid, and beginning to sink, he cried out, saying, ‘Lord, save me!’

Mt 26:69-72 Now Peter was sitting outside in the courtyard, and a certain servant-girl came to him and said, ‘You too were with Jesus the Galilean.’ But he denied it before them all, saying, ‘I do not

know what you are talking about.’ And when he had gone out to the gateway, another servant-girl saw him and said to those who were there, ‘This man was with Jesus of Nazareth.’ And again he denied it with an oath, ‘I do not know the man.’

Self sacrificing

Mr 1:18 And they immediately left the nets and followed Him.

Gifted with Spiritual insight

Joh 6:68 Simon Peter answered Him, ‘Lord, to whom shall we go? You have words of eternal life.

Conversion

Mr 1:16,17 And as He was going along by the Sea of Galilee, He saw Simon and Andrew, the brother of Simon, casting a net in the sea; for they were fishermen. And Jesus said to them, ‘Follow Me, and I will make you become fishers of men.’

Ministry-Journeys

Samaria

Ac 8:14 Now when the apostles in Jerusalem heard that Samaria had received the word of God, they sent them Peter and John, Ac 8:15 who came down and prayed for them, that they might receive the Holy Spirit.

2 Keys

Mt 16:19 ‘I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven; and whatever you shall bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatever you shall loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.’

Persecutions-Experiences

Imprisoned

Ac 5:18 And they laid hands on the apostles, and put them in a public jail. Ac 5:19 But an angel of the Lord during the night opened the gates of the prison, and taking them out he said,

Prison by Herod

Ac 12:4 And when he had seized him, he put him in prison, delivering him to four squads of soldiers to guard him, intending after the Passover to bring him out before the people.

Ac 12:5 So Peter was kept in the prison, but prayer for him was being made fervently by the church to God.

Other Unique Facts

The Apostle to the Jews

Ga 2:7 But on the contrary, seeing that I had been entrusted with the gospel to the uncircumcised, just as Peter had been to the circumcised

Given 2 keys

Mt 16:19 ‘I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven; and whatever you shall bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatever you shall loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.’

Pentecost

Ac 2:5-8 Now there were Jews living in Jerusalem, devout men, from every nation under heaven. And when this sound occurred, the multitude came together, and were bewildered, because they were each one hearing them speak in his own language. And they were amazed and marvelled, saying, ‘Why, are not all these who are speaking Galileans? And how is it that we each hear them in our own language to which we were born?

Ac 10:25-28 And when it came about that Peter entered, Cornelius met him, and fell at his feet and worshipped him. But Peter raised him up, saying, ‘Stand up; I too am just a man.’ And as he talked with him, he entered, and found many people assembled. And he said to them, ‘You yourselves know how unlawful it is for a man who is a Jew to associate with a foreigner or to visit him; and yet God has shown me that I should not call any man unholy or unclean.

Ac 10:44,45 While Peter was still speaking these words, the Holy Spirit fell upon all those who were listening to the message. And all the circumcised believers who had come with Peter were amazed, because the gift of the Holy Spirit had been poured out upon the Gentiles also.

Made two great confessions of faith

1. Jesus is the Son of God

Mt 16:16 And Simon Peter answered and said, ‘Thou art the Christ, the Son of the living God.’

2. Jesus is the Son of the Living God

Joh 6:69 ‘And we have believed and have come to know that You are the Holy One of God.’

Denied Jesus three times

Mr 14:67-71

Age At and Manner of Death

Crucified upside down

Joh 21:18 ‘Truly, truly, I say to you, when you were younger, you used to gird yourself, and walk wherever you wished; but when you grow old, you will stretch out your hands, and someone else will gird you, and bring you where you do not wish to go.’

Joh 21:19 Now this He said, signifying by what kind of death he would glorify God. And when

He had spoken this, He said to him, ‘Follow Me!’

Martyr

Eus. p. 80. ‘And that both (Paul and Peter) suffered martyrdom about the same time...’

James (Elder)

Other Names: Boanerges

Mr 3:17, And James, the son of Zebedee, and John the brother of James (to them He gave the name Boanerges, which means, ‘Sons of Thunder’);

Where From: Galilee

Ac 1:11 And they also said, ‘Men of Galilee, why do you stand looking into the sky? This Jesus, who has been taken up from you into heaven, will come in just the same way as you have watched Him go into heaven.’

Ac 2:7 And they were amazed and marvelled, saying, ‘Why, are not all these who are speaking Galileans?

RELATIVES

Brother John— Mr 1:19 And going on a little farther, He saw James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, who were also in the boat mending the nets.

Mt 4:21 And going on from there He saw two other brothers, James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, in the boat with Zebedee their father, mending their nets; and He called them.

Mother-Salome

Mt 20:20 Then the mother of the sons of Zebedee came to Him with her sons, bowing down, and making a request of Him.

Mt 27:56 Among whom was Mary Magdalene, along with Mary the mother of James and Joseph, and the mother of the sons of Zebedee.

Joh 19:25 Therefore the soldiers did these things. But there were standing by the cross of Jesus His mother, and His mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Cleopas, and Mary Magdalene.

Mr 16:1

Father-Zebedee

Mr 1:19 And going on a little farther, He saw James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, who were also in the boat mending the nets.

Mt 4:21 And going on from there He saw two other brothers, James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, in the boat with Zebedee their father, mending their nets; and He called them.

Previous Vocation

Fisherman

Mr 1:19 And going on a little farther, He saw James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, who were also in the boat mending the nets.

Lu 5:10 And so also James and John, sons of Zebedee, who were partners with Simon. And Jesus said to Simon, ‘Do not fear, from now on you will be catching men.’

Mt 4:21 And going on from there He saw two other brothers, James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, in the boat with Zebedee their father, mending their nets; and He called them.

Characteristics

Son of Thunder

Mr 3:17 and James, the son of Zebedee, and John the brother of James (to them He gave the name Boanerges, which means, ‘Sons of Thunder’)

Older of two brothers

R. 2761:1

Zealous, faithful R. 3003

Partners: John Mt 10:2 Now the names of the twelve apostles are these: The first, Simon, who is called Peter, and Andrew his brother; and James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother;

R. 2261

Conversion:

Jesus called him while mending his nets

Mt 4:21,22 And going on from there He saw two other brothers, James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, in the boat with Zebedee their father, mending their nets; and He called them. Mt 4:22 And they immediately left the boat and their father, and followed Him..

Lu 5:10 and so also James and John, sons of Zebedee, who were partners with Simon. And Jesus said to Simon, ‘Do not fear, from now on you will be catching men.’

Ministry-Journeys

Preached in Jerusalem & Judea

Ac 1:8 But you shall receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you; and you shall be My witnesses both in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and even to the remotest part of the earth.

Persecutions/Experiences:

Beheaded by Herod

Ac 12:1,2 Now about that time Herod the king laid hands on some who belonged to the church, in order to mistreat them. And he had James the brother of John put to death with a sword.

Other unique facts:

Willingness to suffer

Mt 20:22 But Jesus answered and said, ‘You do not know what you are asking for. Are you able to drink the cup that I am about to drink?’ They said to Him, ‘We are able.’

Manner of death:

Beheaded by Herod at age 44

Acts 12:1,2 Now about that time Herod the king laid hands on some who belonged to the church, in order to mistreat them. And he had James the brother of John put to death with a sword.

John

OTHER NAMES

Boanerges

Mr 3:17, And James, the son of Zebedee, and John the brother of James (to them He gave the name Boanerges, which means, ‘Sons of Thunder’);

The Revelator

Jesus’ beloved

WHERE FROM

Galilee

Ac 1:11 And they also said, ‘Men of Galilee, why do you stand looking into the sky? This Jesus, who has been taken up from you into heaven, will come in just the same way as you have watched Him go into heaven.’

Ac 2:7 And they were amazed and marvelled, saying, ‘Why, are not all these who are speaking Galileans?

R. 1522; 2819

KNOWN WRITINGS

Gospel of Joh 1,2 &3 John

Revelation

RELATIVES

Brother James- Mr 1:19 And going on a little farther, He saw James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, who were also in the boat mending the nets.

Mt 4:21 And going on from there He saw two other brothers, James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, in the boat with Zebedee their father, mending their nets; and He called them.

Mother-Salome

Mt 20:20 Then the mother of the sons of Zebedee came to Him with her sons, bowing down, and making a request of Him.

Mt 27:56 Among whom was Mary Magdalene, along with Mary the mother of James and Joseph, and the mother of the sons of Zebedee.

Joh 19:25 Therefore the soldiers did these things. But there were standing by the cross of Jesus His mother, and His mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Cleophas, and Mary Magdalene.

Father-Zebedee

Mr 1:19 And going on a little farther, He saw James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, who were also in the boat mending the nets.

Mt 4:21 And going on from there He saw two other brothers, James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, in the boat with Zebedee their father, mending their nets; and He called them.

Previous Vocation

Fisherman

Mr 1:19 And going on a little farther, He saw James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, who were also in the boat mending the nets.

Lu 5:10 and so also James and John, sons of Zebedee, who were partners with Simon. And Jesus said to Simon, ‘Do not fear, from now on you will be catching men.’

Mt 4:21 And going on from there He saw two other brothers, James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, in the boat with Zebedee their father, mending their nets; and He called them.

CHARACTERISTICS

Disciple whom Jesus loved

Joh 13:23 There was reclining on Jesus’ breast one of His disciples, whom Jesus loved.

Joh 21:20 Peter, turning around, saw the disciple whom Jesus loved following them; the one who also had leaned back on His breast at the supper, and said, ‘Lord, who is the one who betrays You?’

Bold and courageous

Ac 4:19 But Peter and John answered and said to them, ‘Whether it is right in the sight of God to give heed to you rather than to God, you be the judge;

Full of energy

Mr 3:17 And James, the son of Zebedee, and John the brother of James (to them He gave the name Boanerges, which means, ‘Sons of Thunder’)

Intolerant

Mr 9:38 John said to Him, ‘Teacher, we saw someone casting out demons in Your name, and we tried to hinder him because he was not following us.’

Vindictive

Lu 9:54 And when His disciples James and John saw this, they said, ‘Lord, do You want us to command fire to come down from heaven and consume them?’

Ambitious

Mr 10:35-37 And James and John, the two sons of Zebedee, came up to Him, saying to Him, ‘Teacher, we want You to do for us whatever we ask of You.’ And He said to them, ‘What do you want Me to do for you?’ And they said to Him, ‘Grant that we may sit in Your glory, one on Your right, and one on Your left.’

John 13:23 There was reclining on Jesus’ breast one of His disciples, whom Jesus loved.

1Jo 2:9,10 The one who says he is in the light and yet hates his brother is in the darkness until now. The one who loves his brother abides in the light and there is no cause for stumbling in him.

1Jo 3:14 We know that we have passed out of death into life, because we love the brethren. He who does not love abides in death.

1Jo 4:7,8 Beloved, let us love one another, for love is from God; and everyone who loves is born of God and knows God. The one who does not love does not know God, for God is love.

R. 2474

Teachable

Joh 1:36 and he looked upon Jesus as He walked, and said, ‘Behold, the Lamb of God!’

Modest R. 2571

Youngest Apostle R. 2261

Partners

James R. 2261

Ac 4:13 Now as they observed the confidence of Peter and John, and understood that they were uneducated and untrained men, they were marvelling, and began to recognize them as having been with Jesus.

Ac 8:14 Now when the apostles in Jerusalem heard that Samaria had received the word of God, they sent them Peter and John,

Conversion

He was a disciple of John the Baptist

Joh 1:35-39 Again the next day John was standing with two of his disciples, and he looked upon Jesus as He walked, and said, ‘Behold, the Lamb of God!’ And the two disciples heard him speak, and they followed Jesus. And Jesus turned, and beheld them following, and said to them, ‘What do you seek?’ And they said to Him, ‘Rabbi (which translated means Teacher), where are You staying?’ He said to them, ‘Come, and you will see.’ They came therefore and saw where He was staying; and they stayed with Him that day, for it was about the tenth hour.

Jesus called him while mending his nets

Mt 4:21,22 And going on from there He saw two other brothers, James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, in the boat with Zebedee their father, mending their nets; and He called them.

Lu 5:10 and so also James and John, sons of Zebedee, who were partners with Simon. And Jesus said to Simon, ‘Do not fear, from now on you will be catching men.’

Ministry/Journeys

Jerusalem

Ga 2:9 and recognizing the grace that had been given to me, James and Cephas and John, who were reputed to be pillars, gave to me and Barnabas the right hand of fellowship, that we might go to the

Gentiles, and they to the circumcised.

Ac 1:8 but you shall receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you; and you shall be My witnesses both in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and even to the remotest part of the earth.

Samaria

Ac 8:14 Now when the apostles in Jerusalem heard that Samaria had received the word of God, they sent them Peter and John,

Asia Minor

Eus. P. 105 But the church in Ephesus also, which had been founded by Paul and where John continued to abide until the times of Trajan...For after the tyrant was dead, coming from the isle of Patmos to Ephesus, he also went when called to neighbouring regions of the gentiles.

Persecutions/Experiences

Imprisoned

Ac 5:18,19 and they laid hands on the apostles, and put them in a public jail. But an angel of the Lord during the night opened the gates of the prison, and taking them out.

Cast into boiling oil

Fox P. 35 Being at Ephesus, he was ordered by Domitian to be sent bound for Rome where he was to be condemned to be cast into a caldron of boiling oil.

Exiled to Patmos

Re 1:9 I, John, your brother and fellow partaker in the tribulation and kingdom and perseverance which are in Jesus, was on the island called Patmos, because of the word of God and the testimony of Jesus.

Fox P. 35 For he was afterward banished by the emperor to the island of Patmos.